Davidka of Safed

('''Hebrew''': דודקה / '''Pronunciation''' Dav-eed’ka / ''Translation''': Little David / '''Definition''': Artillery equipment used during Israel’s War of Independence /  '''Description''': Weapon used in the defense of Safed during the 1948 Battle of Tzfat)

== Historical Overview ==
In 1948 the [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948|British]], who had been ruling Palestine under the British Mandate, departed after the United Nations voted to grant independence to the Jewish State under a partition plan. One of the Jewish areas that was under [[Safed War of Independence|relentless attack] was the [[Old City Safed|Jewish Quarter of Tzfat]]. Both Arab and Jewish commanders had declared that the city was their “Capitol of the Galilee” and both sides placed whatever resources that they could to capture the city. The Arabs and Jews had been fighting for control of the city for several months even before the British April 1948 departure.

As hundreds of Arab soldiers from Iraq and Lebanon arrived to bolster the Arab forces, the “Haganah” -- Jewish Defense Forces -- began looking for alternate ways to gain the upper hand. The arrival of the Davidka provided such an opportunity.

== Davidka ==
The “Davidka” -- Little David -- was built at the Mikveh Israel agricultural school near Tel Aviv by David Leibovitch. The name, “Davidka” honored the weapon’s designer but also brought to mind the Biblical battle between Little David and Goliath. The artillery piece was designed to create fear as its whistles and shrieks produced a frightening noise as it flew through the air and made a huge noise upon impact. The Davidka was an important psychological weapon though the inaccuracy of the projectile made it fairly useless for combat purposes.

== Davidka in Tzfat ==
Leibovitch built six Davidkas and they were distributed to the three Haganah battalions -- Yiftach in the north, Harel in Jerusalem and HaNegev in the South. The commander of the Yiftach battalion, Yigal Alon (later a noted archaeologist and member of Kenesset) decided to deploy one of the Davidkas in Tzfat. The  Haganah began to fire the Davidka into the Arab Quarter in early May 1948.

=== Damage ===
The Davidka’s actual projectile did little damage but the psychological effect was profound. The weapon’s  tremendous noise caused the Arab population and fighters to panic.

=== Rumor ===
The explosions, along with rumors, convinced the Arab population of Tzfat that the Davidka was, in fact, the atom bomb. Some people say that the Haganah commander spread the rumor among Arab spies who were working for the Haganah while others claim that the rumor originated among Jewish residents who passed the information on to Arabs with whom they were acquainted. At any rate the Arabs of Tzfat believed that the Davidka’s earth-shattering blasts were the blasts of a small atom bomb (the early May rains that occurred during this period further encourage these rumors since the belief was that it would rain after an atom blast). Overnight, the entire Arab population fled from Tzfat.

== Liberation of Tzfat ==
Once the Arab population fled, the Arab soldiers guarding the three strongholds -- the Police Station, the Shalva Building at the entrance to the city and the [[Metzuda of Safed|Citadel]] lost their will to fight. The Haganah fighters were able to capture Beit Shalva and the Citadel on May 10th and almost immediately the Iraqi soldiers who had been guarding the Police Station slipped out under the cover of night.
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox
+('''Hebrew''': דודקה / '''Pronunciation''' Dav-eed’ka / ''Translation''': Little David / '''Definition''': Artillery equipment used during Israel’s War of Independence /  '''Description''': Weapon used in the defense of Safed during the 1948 Battle of Tzfat)
-|title = Davidka of Safed
-|image        = [[File:00000196 kikar davidka jerusalem street safed.jpg|215px|alt=Davidka of Safed]]
-|header1 = Hebrew:
-|data2  = לדודקה
-|header3 = Pronunciation:
-|data4  = Dav-eed’ka
-|header5 = Translation
-|data6   = Little David
-|header7 = Description:
-|data8   = Artillery equipment used in the defense of Safed during the 1948 Battle of Tzfat.}}
-The story of the '''Davidka''' encapsulates the story of [[Safed|Tzfat's]] struggles during the [[Safed War of Independence|War of Independence]].
 == Historical Overview ==
-In 1948 the [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948|British]], who had been ruling Palestine under the British Mandate, departed after the United Nations voted to grant independence to the Jewish State under a partition plan. One of the Jewish areas that was under [[Safed War of Independence|relentless attack]] was the [[Old City Safed|Jewish Quarter of Tzfat]]. Both Arab and Jewish commanders had declared that the city was their “Capitol of the Galilee” and both sides placed whatever resources that they could to capture the city. The Arabs and Jews had been fighting for control of the city for several months even before the British April 1948 departure.
+In 1948 the [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948|British]], who had been ruling Palestine under the British Mandate, departed after the United Nations voted to grant independence to the Jewish State under a partition plan. One of the Jewish areas that was under [[Safed War of Independence|relentless attack] was the [[Old City Safed|Jewish Quarter of Tzfat]]. Both Arab and Jewish commanders had declared that the city was their “Capitol of the Galilee” and both sides placed whatever resources that they could to capture the city. The Arabs and Jews had been fighting for control of the city for several months even before the British April 1948 departure.
 As hundreds of Arab soldiers from Iraq and Lebanon arrived to bolster the Arab forces, the “Haganah” -- Jewish Defense Forces -- began looking for alternate ways to gain the upper hand. The arrival of the Davidka provided such an opportunity.
@@ Line 29: / Line 17: @@
 === Rumor ===
 The explosions, along with rumors, convinced the Arab population of Tzfat that the Davidka was, in fact, the atom bomb. Some people say that the Haganah commander spread the rumor among Arab spies who were working for the Haganah while others claim that the rumor originated among Jewish residents who passed the information on to Arabs with whom they were acquainted. At any rate the Arabs of Tzfat believed that the Davidka’s earth-shattering blasts were the blasts of a small atom bomb (the early May rains that occurred during this period further encourage these rumors since the belief was that it would rain after an atom blast). Overnight, the entire Arab population fled from Tzfat.
-=== Miracle ===
-Many people took the story of the Davidka as a open miracle from G-D, since it defies nature how such a little piece of artillery could bring about such a victory.
 == Liberation of Tzfat ==
 Once the Arab population fled, the Arab soldiers guarding the three strongholds -- the Police Station, the Shalva Building at the entrance to the city and the [[Metzuda of Safed|Citadel]] lost their will to fight. The Haganah fighters were able to capture Beit Shalva and the Citadel on May 10th and almost immediately the Iraqi soldiers who had been guarding the Police Station slipped out under the cover of night.
-{{Safed History}}
-{{Safed Tourism}}
-{{Safed Spelling}}
-[[Category:Safed]]
-[[Category:Jewish History]]